{"errCode":0,"errMsg":"success","timeStamp":"1780242534","data":{"trueId":"4035225266126162720","title":"【科普动起来】遇到地面塌陷如何进行自救?这份避险指南请收好!","author":["赵瞳铱","刘泉子"],"tags":[],"detail":"\u003cp\u003e华声在线·新湖南客户端5月16日讯(记者 赵瞳铱 通讯员 刘泉子)今天，湖南省气象台发布暴雨橙色预警，暴雨来袭容易诱发一些地质灾害。地面塌陷就多出现在暴雨之时，一旦发生，给经济建设和人民生命财产都会带来严重威胁。今天，记者给大家带来一些地面塌陷的相关知识，一起学习自救避险的方法。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e地面塌陷是指地表岩、土体在自然或人为因素作用下向下陷落，并在地面形成塌陷坑(洞)的一种地质现象。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e地面塌陷按其成因可分为岩溶塌陷和采空塌陷。岩溶塌陷主要发生在过量集中抽排地下水，把地表下的泥土带走后，在地下形成了土洞，长此以往，土洞塌了，就会变成大坑。采空塌陷主要发生采矿区，当地下采矿空间被人为扩大，破坏保安矿柱后，地表就可能发生塌陷。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e地面塌陷的主要危害是破坏房屋、铁路、公路、矿山、水库、堤坝等工程设施，造成房屋倒塌、道路中断、水库漏水、大坝和堤防陷落开裂等。此外，还破坏土地资源，使大量农田被毁坏，一些城市和矿区环境恶化。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e怎样能预防地面塌陷?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e城市预防地面塌陷，主要是严格按要求施工，加强工程质量监管，利用智慧城市建设的契机，探明城市地质条件和地下空间资源特征等。农村预防地面塌陷则要注意以下三点：\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.要注意村子周边是否有抽水活动或采矿活动;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.要注意村子里水井的水位变化;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.要经常观察房前屋后地表面有没有环状裂缝出现。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e什么天气最需要注意呢?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e特别是降雨季节，要提高警惕，加强监测防范，发现异常情况要及时躲避。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e遇到地面塌陷怎样自救?\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.双手抱头，双臂护脸，下蹲抱团，脸藏双膝之间，为自己保留最大限度的呼吸空间;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.保持镇定，小心地移动身体，以防更大的塌陷物砸到自己身上;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.护住口鼻以防粉尘污染;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.如可脱身时要迅速逃离，需要时大声呼救。不可脱身时，要保存体力，适时呼救，等待救援。如有信号要迅速拨打电话报警，也可利用身边的水管、煤气管道等制造声响进行求救;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.若汽车落入塌陷区内，待汽车静止后迅速解开安全带，破窗逃离，寻找逃生路线。若被埋，不要惊慌，迅速利用通讯手段进行呼救。切勿强行自救，保存体力，等待救援;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.如发现塌陷征兆，要迅速远离。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e(一审：卢小伟　二审：蒋俊　三审：王亚奇)\u003c/p\u003e","createdAt":1684244471,"updatedAt":1684244472,"source":0,"reprintedUrl":"https://m.voc.com.cn/wxhn/article/202305/202305161628338680002.html","type":0,"vShowStyle":0,"transCodingObjKey":"https://img.hubpd.com/hubpd/646387f88891f00001c36332","transCodingObjKeyMp4":"https://img.hubpd.com/hubpd/","mpIcon":"https://img.hubpd.com/hubpd/3ac52381-db02-11eb-ae46-3a030ef03be2.png","mpName":"华声在线","mpIsVerified":true,"mpId":"5764607523034264914","covers":[],"coversType":0,"blurImage":"","publishedAt":1684225712,"classificationName":"社会","tap":571,"likeCnt":0,"userIsLike":false,"isFeedAd":false,"compositeId":"4035225266126162720|0|0","editedAt":0,"mpLinkType":0,"mpLinkTypeList":[],"coverType":0,"settled":0,"settledEntity":"","settledInfo":"","hideView":0,"hideLike":0},"hisHots":{"hotData":[{"trueId":"6052837899191227391","title":"湘西“萌虎”，惊艳出山","author":null,"tags":null,"source":0,"reprintedUrl":"https://hunan.voc.com.cn/news/202605/32734785.html","type":0,"vShowStyle":0,"mpIsVerified":false,"covers":["https://img.hubpd.com/hubpd/spider/full/f7e21f048a45e67ac397b726739a4e3f8aa008c1.jpg"],"coversType":0,"blurImage":"","publishedAt":1779588018,"tap":0,"likeCnt":0,"userIsLike":false,"isFeedAd":false,"compositeId":"6052837899191227391|0|0","editedAt":0,"mpLinkType":0,"mpLinkTypeList":null,"coverType":0,"settled":0,"settledEntity":"","settledInfo":"","hideView":0,"hideLike":0},{"trueId":"7782220156101133314","title":"致灾风险高！强降雨仍集中在湘西北，要特别警惕突发性夜雨","author":null,"tags":null,"source":0,"reprintedUrl":"https://hunan.voc.com.cn/news/202605/32734720.html","type":0,"vShowStyle":0,"mpIsVerified":false,"covers":["https://img.hubpd.com/hubpd/spider/full/cfcfa1b5652a31e1125be4c83382f804448f020b.jpg"],"coversType":0,"blurImage":"","publishedAt":1779587557,"tap":0,"likeCnt":0,"userIsLike":false,"isFeedAd":false,"compositeId":"7782220156101133314|0|0","editedAt":0,"mpLinkType":0,"mpLinkTypeList":null,"coverType":0,"settled":0,"settledEntity":"","settledInfo":"","hideView":0,"hideLike":0},{"trueId":"288230376156966976","title":"天光云影插秧忙","author":null,"tags":null,"source":0,"reprintedUrl":"https://hunan.voc.com.cn/news/202605/32728545.html","type":0,"vShowStyle":0,"mpIsVerified":false,"covers":["https://img.hubpd.com/hubpd/spider/full/f432011517a33f8d01b260bfd9c29eaec37f3596.jpg"],"coversType":0,"blurImage":"","publishedAt":1779496956,"tap":0,"likeCnt":0,"userIsLike":false,"isFeedAd":false,"compositeId":"288230376156966976|0|0","editedAt":0,"mpLinkType":0,"mpLinkTypeList":null,"coverType":0,"settled":0,"settledEntity":"","settledInfo":"","hideView":0,"hideLike":0},{"trueId":"5255736","title":"湖南防汛科普⑦ 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